Ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians all provide eye care services. It is important to understand what each of the three O’s is qualified to do.

The following definitions are provided by the U.S. National Institutes of Health - National Institute on Aging.

Ophthalmologists

Ophthalmologists (M.D. or D.O., Doctor of Osteopathy) specialize in the diagnoses and treatment of eye diseases. They also prescribe eye glasses and contact lenses. Ophthalmologists can prescribe drugs and perform surgery.

Optometrists

Optometrists (O.D.) generally have a bachelor’s degree plus four years of graduate training at a school of optometry. They are trained to diagnose eye abnormalities and prescribe, supply and adjust eyeglasses and contact lenses. In most states, optometrists can use drugs to diagnose eye disorders. An optometrist may refer patients to an ophthalmologist or other medical specialist in cases requiring medication and surgery.

Opticians

Opticians fit, supply and adjust eyeglasses and contact lenses which have been prescribed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist. They cannot examine or test the eyes, or prescribe glasses or drugs.